在未來(lái)不飽和樹(shù)脂等下游產(chǎn)品需求接近飽和的情況下，新版限塑令有望推動(dòng)可生物降解塑料行業(yè)的發(fā)展，可能為順酐的未來(lái)發(fā)展帶來(lái)一些積極的支持。
In the future, when the demand of downstream products such as unsaturated resin is close to saturation, the new plastic restriction order is expected to promote the development of biodegradable plastics industry, which may bring some positive support for the future development of maleic anhydride.
據(jù)新聞報(bào)道，當(dāng)局將于2008年6月實(shí)施超薄塑料袋的、銷售和使用禁令，這是11年來(lái)的修訂。生物降解塑料等產(chǎn)品將在新版限塑令下長(zhǎng)期受益，或者得到政府的進(jìn)一步支持，解決目前一次性塑料產(chǎn)品泛濫造成的日益嚴(yán)重的“白色污染”問(wèn)題。
According to news reports, the ban on the production, sale and use of ultra-thin plastic bags will be implemented in June 2008, the first revision in 11 years. Environmental protection products such as biodegradable plastics will benefit from the new plastic restriction for a long time, or get further support from the government, to solve the growing problem of "white pollution" caused by the proliferation of disposable plastic products.
可降解塑料是由自然界微生物如細(xì)菌、霉菌(真菌)、藻類等引起的可降解塑料。丟棄后可被環(huán)境微生物徹底分解，真正實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)生態(tài)環(huán)境的零污染。隨著社會(huì)意識(shí)的增強(qiáng),歐盟,美國(guó),日本和其他發(fā)達(dá)和地區(qū)已經(jīng)制定法規(guī)限制或禁止使用一次性塑料制品,開(kāi)發(fā)新的可降解材料,特別是歐洲議會(huì)3月28日,2019滑坡規(guī)定自2021年起將禁止歐盟使用水管,餐具和一次性塑料制品,如棉花花蕾。
Degradable plastics are degradable plastics caused by natural microorganisms such as bacteria, molds (fungi), algae, etc. After being discarded, it can be completely decomposed by environmental microorganisms, so as to realize zero pollution to the ecological environment. With the enhancement of social environmental protection awareness, EU, US, Japan and other developed countries and regions have formulated laws and regulations to restrict or prohibit the use of disposable plastic products and develop new degradable materials, especially the European Parliament's March 28, 2019 landslide regulation will completely prohibit EU countries from using water pipes, tableware and disposable plastic products, such as cotton flower buds, from 2021.
據(jù)了解，可降解塑料按原料主要分為PLA、PBS、PCL、PHA、PHB等類型。其中，PBS (polybutanediol succinate)以其低廉的、優(yōu)異的機(jī)械性能、良好的加工性能和耐熱性在國(guó)內(nèi)外工業(yè)，已成為更有前途的通用可生物降解塑料之一。從原料上看，PBS主要由丁二醇和琥珀酸合成的聚酯制成，其中琥珀酸占近70%。目前琥珀酸的加工主要是通過(guò)馬來(lái)酸酐的電解和加氫，兩者的單位消耗比接近1:1?？梢哉f(shuō)，通過(guò)對(duì)琥珀酸的消費(fèi)，開(kāi)發(fā)PBS產(chǎn)品可以間接提高國(guó)內(nèi)外市場(chǎng)對(duì)馬來(lái)酸酐的需求。
It is understood that degradable plastics are mainly divided into PLA, PBS, PCL, PHA, PHB and other types according to raw materials. PBS has become one of the most promising general biodegradable plastics because of its low price, excellent mechanical properties, good processability and heat resistance. In terms of raw materials, PBS is mainly made of polyester synthesized by butanediol and succinic acid, of which succinic acid accounts for nearly 70%. At present, succinic acid is mainly processed by electrolysis and hydrogenation of maleic anhydride, and the unit consumption ratio of the two is close to 1:1. It can be said that through the consumption of succinic acid, the development of PBS products can indirectly improve the domestic and foreign market demand for maleic anhydride.
但由于可生物降解的塑料制品如PBS受到如技術(shù)不成熟,成本高,法律法規(guī)支持疲軟,企業(yè)融資困難的問(wèn)題目前在國(guó)內(nèi)還沒(méi)有形成大規(guī)模的,以及的產(chǎn)品主要出口歐洲和美國(guó)等市場(chǎng),和有限的支持上游琥珀酸和其他產(chǎn)品。卓創(chuàng)稱，到2019年，國(guó)內(nèi)從馬來(lái)酸酐中提取琥珀酸的商不足20家，如天津渤華中和和山東陽(yáng)陽(yáng)化工，總產(chǎn)能約為3萬(wàn)噸。所以在2019年預(yù)測(cè)的消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)順丁烯二酸酐的下游,雖然含有酒石酸、蘋果酸、富馬酸、琥珀酸等產(chǎn)品的有機(jī)酸比例預(yù)計(jì)將達(dá)到13%,但只有2.7%的份額琥珀酸預(yù)計(jì)將附近,在順丁烯二酸酐的下游行業(yè)遠(yuǎn)不飽和樹(shù)脂、酒石酸和其他產(chǎn)品。
However, due to the fact that biodegradable plastic products such as PBS are subject to immature technology, high cost, weak legal and regulatory support, the financing difficulties of production enterprises have not yet formed large-scale production in China, and the products are mainly exported to Europe and the United States and other markets, and limited support for upstream succinic acid and other products. Zhuo Chuang said that by 2019, there were less than 20 domestic producers of succinic acid extracted from maleic anhydride, such as Tianjin Bohua Zhonghe and Shandong Yangyang chemical, with a total capacity of about 30000 tons. Therefore, in the downstream of the predicted consumption structure of maleic anhydride in 2019, although the proportion of organic acids containing tartaric acid, malic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid and other products is expected to reach 13%, only 2.7% of the share of succinic acid is expected to be nearby, and the downstream industry of maleic anhydride is far from unsaturated resin, tartaric acid and other products.
但從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，隨著國(guó)內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)逐步進(jìn)入高質(zhì)量發(fā)展，人們的意識(shí)進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)，以PBS為代表的可生物降解產(chǎn)品越來(lái)越受到重視，政策支持力度也在加大。今年上半年,海南省的生態(tài)和環(huán)境率先發(fā)行的“規(guī)定禁止、銷售和使用一次性非降解塑料制品在海南經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū)”(草案)》,明確禁止、銷售和使用一次性非降解塑料制品在今年年底。Zhuochuang認(rèn)為,通過(guò)引入“塑料塑性極限”的新版本,可生物降解的產(chǎn)品從政策可能進(jìn)一步增加,這將間接給國(guó)內(nèi)順丁烯二酸酐市場(chǎng)帶來(lái)長(zhǎng)期效益,和Zhuochuang將繼續(xù)跟蹤這個(gè)行業(yè)的發(fā)展,為您帶來(lái)及時(shí)、準(zhǔn)確的行業(yè)參考。
But in the long run, with the domestic economy gradually entering into high-quality development, people's awareness of environmental protection is further enhanced, and the biodegradable products represented by PBS are more and more valued, and the policy support is also increasing. In the first half of this year, Hainan's ecology and environment took the lead in issuing the draft of "prohibiting the production, sale and use of disposable non degradable plastic products in Hainan Special Economic Zone" (Draft), which explicitly prohibits the production, sale and use of disposable non degradable plastic products by the end of this year. According to zhuochuang, through the introduction of a new version of "plastic plasticity limit", biodegradable products may be further increased from policy, which will indirectly bring long-term benefits to domestic maleic anhydride market, and zhuochuang will continue to track the development of this industry, bringing you timely and accurate industry reference.
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