二甲苯是無色透明的液體，有特殊的芳香烴味。二甲苯本體具有刺激性和易燃性?？膳c乙醇、氯仿、乙醚任意混合，不溶于水。這是劇毒和危險(xiǎn)。
Xylene is a colorless and transparent liquid with special aromatic smell. Xylene itself is irritant and flammable. It can be mixed with ethanol, chloroform and ether, insoluble in water. It's highly toxic and dangerous.
談?wù)劧妆降姆椒ǎ?。根據(jù)粗苯成分的沸點(diǎn)，通過精餾提取沸程餾分，得到二甲苯。2.鉑重整法用常壓蒸餾得到的輕汽油切斷65以上的餾分，用含鉬催化劑催化加氫除去有害雜質(zhì)，用鉑催化劑重整，用二甘醇醚溶劑提取，然后每個(gè)塔精餾，得到苯、甲苯、二甲苯的3.甲苯歧化法。該方法通過催化劑將甲苯的一個(gè)甲基轉(zhuǎn)移到另一個(gè)166催化劑(鋁缺氫沸石)，將改性甲苯(硝化段)和改性循環(huán)氫(85%~90%)設(shè)為原料的苯和二甲苯4.將石油輕餾分加氫精制、催化改性和分離后，與苯混合，可得到二甲苯。或者洗滌和分餾使粗苯焦化。
First of all, the production methods of xylene: 1. According to the boiling point of crude benzene, xylene was obtained by distillation. 2. Platinum reforming method cut off the fraction above 65 with light gasoline obtained by atmospheric distillation, remove harmful impurities by catalytic hydrogenation with molybdenum catalyst, reform with platinum catalyst, extract with diethylene glycol ether solvent, and then distill in each column to obtain benzene, toluene and xylene. 3. Toluene disproportionation method. In this method, one methyl group of toluene is transferred to another 166 catalyst (aluminum hydrogen deficient zeolite) by catalyst, and modified toluene (nitration section) and modified recycle hydrogen (85% ~ 90%) are set as raw materials to produce benzene and xylene. 4. Xylene can be obtained by hydrofining, catalytic modification and separation of petroleum light fraction and mixing with benzene. Or washing and fractionation make the crude benzene coking.
制造二甲苯方法也非常簡單。相似的工業(yè)相鄰的二甲苯。將餾出物澄清后，收集中間餾出物，為純制品。
The method of making xylene is also very simple. Similar industrial adjacency to xylene. After the distillate is clarified, the intermediate distillate is collected for pure products.
用于醫(yī)用組織的切片、透明度、脫蠟。也是汽車燃料中辛烷值高的成分，可以作為汽車清洗劑使用?？偟膩碚f，在工業(yè)領(lǐng)域中，二甲苯是非常重要的有機(jī)化工原料，存在很多領(lǐng)域。
Used for slicing, transparency and dewaxing of medical tissue. It is also a component with high octane number in automobile fuel and can be used as automobile cleaning agent. In general, xylene is a very important organic chemical raw material in the field of industrial production.
另外，二甲苯不僅可以作為染料，也可以作為稀釋劑使用。關(guān)于其保存方法，建議保存在遠(yuǎn)離火種和熱源的陰暗處。在合成和制造領(lǐng)域有顯著的效果。
In addition, xylene can be used not only as dye, but also as diluent. As for its preservation method, it is recommended to keep it in a dark place away from fire and heat source. It has remarkable effect in the field of synthesis and manufacturing.
由二甲苯氧化得到的苯甲酸是重要的食品防腐劑(主要使用其鈉鹽)，也作為有機(jī)合成的中間體使用。二甲苯被硝化時(shí)，可以制造大量的中間體，可以得到聚氨酯制品、染料和有機(jī)顏料、橡膠添加劑、藥物等多種制品。
Benzoic acid obtained by oxidation of xylene is an important food preservative (its sodium salt is mainly used), and it is also used as an intermediate in organic synthesis. When xylene is nitrated, a large number of intermediates can be produced, such as polyurethane products, dyes and organic pigments, rubber additives, drugs and other products.
